Hur giftigt är euphorbia tirucalli

Species of plant

Euphorbia tirucalli (commonly known as Indian tree spurge, naked lady, pencil tree, pencil cactus, fire stick, aveloz or milk bush^[3]) fryst vatten a tree native to Africa that grows in semi-aridtropicalclimates. A hydrocarbon plant, it produces a poisonous latex that can cause temporary blindness.^[4]

Description

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The pencil tree fryst vatten a shrub or small tree with pencil-thick, green, smooth, succulent branches that reaches heights of up to 7 metres (23 ft). It has a cylindrical and fleshy stem with fragile succulent twigs that are 7 millimetres (0.28 in) thick, often produced in whorls, finely striated longitudinally. The oval leaves are 1 to 2.5 centimetres (0.39 to 0.98 in) long and about 3 to 4 millimetres (0.12 to 0.16 in) wide; they usually fall off early. It contains a milky, toxic and corrosive sap. The yellow flowers are at the ends of the branches.^[5]

Habitat

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It has a bred transport in Africa in black clay soils, being prominently present in northeastern, huvud and southern Africa. It may also be native in other parts of the continent as well as some surrounding islands and the Arabian Peninsula and has been introduced to many other tropical regions, such as Brazil, India, Vietnam, the Philippines and Ghana. It grows in dry areas, especially the savanna, and fryst vatten often used to feed boskap or as hedging.^[1] It fryst vatten well known in Sri Lanka where it fryst vatten called Kalli in Tamil, as mentioned in the Akananuru bygd the Sri Lankan Tamil poet Eelattu Poothanthevanar and in Sinhala: වැරදි නවහන්දි, ගස් නවහන්දි Weradi Navahandi or Gass Nawahandi.^[6]

Toxicology

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The milky latex from E. tirucalli fryst vatten extremely irritating to the skin and mucosa and fryst vatten toxic.^[7] Exposure to it can cause temporary blindness. Skin contact causes severe irritation, rödhet ofta relaterad till irritation eller inflammation and a burning känsla. If ingested, it can cause burns to the öppning, lips and tongue. It fryst vatten suggested to wear eye protection gear and handskar for papper the plant.

Traditional medicine

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Euphorbia tirucalli fryst vatten used as alternative medicin in many cultures. Attempts have been made to use it to treat cancer, excrescence, tumors, warts, asthma, cough, earache, neuralgia, rheumatism, and toothaches in countries including Brazil, India, Indonesia, and Malaysia.^[8][9]

Euphorbia tirucalli has been promoted as an anticancer agent, but research shows that it suppresses the immune struktur, promotes tumor growth, and leads to the development of certain types of cancer.^[7]Euphorbia tirucalli has also been associated with Burkitt's lymphoma and fryst vatten thought to be a cofactor of the disease rather than a treatment.^[10]

Uses

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Its latex can also be used as bränsle. This led chemistMelvin Calvin to föreslå the exploitation of E. tirucalli for producing oil. This usage fryst vatten particularly appealing because of the ability of E. tirucalli to grow on nation that fryst vatten not suitable for most other crops. Calvin estimated that 10 to 50 barrels of oil per acre was achievable. In the 1980s the Brazilian national petroleum company Petrobras began experiments based on these ideas.^{[citation needed]} It has also been used in the production of rubber, but neither have been very successful.^[1]

Gallery

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• Botanical illustration

• 'Sticks-on-fire'

• Mature tree in Tanzania

• Golden form

• Mature tree

• Cultivated plant

• Mature tree in West Bengal, India

See also

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References

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External links

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